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Questions and answers

Frequently asked questions.

Every entry comes from the service page in charge: the methods from its section "Equipment and methods", the questions from real jobs. Search freely – or jump straight to an area of work.

Cable faults 27 questions · 7 methods

Control and coaxial cables

Frequently asked questions

Does the plant have to be out of service for the measurement?

The measured link, yes – it must be disconnected at both ends. Whether that stops the whole plant or just one circuit depends on your wiring; we agree the scope before the appointment.

Does the measurement work on very long links?

Yes. Time domain reflectometry reaches over kilometres; what matters is not the length but a known build-up of the link. Branches and transitions are gone through with you before the measurement.

What about fibre optics?

We do not measure glass fibre – that is what the network operators’ OTDR technology is for. Our methods apply to metallic cores: control, signal and coaxial cables.

Can the route be documented while you are at it?

Yes. Once the route has been traced, as-built capture takes it straight into your as-built plan on request – then the next search is none.

Equipment and methods

Control and coaxial cables answer the time domain measurement clearly: breaks and shorts show up as sharp marks in the reflectogram. The craft lies in the link itself – branches, joints and transitions produce echoes of their own that must be told apart from the fault. That is why route tracing is part of the job: only a known route turns a metre mark into a digging spot.

Fault location, low voltage

Frequently asked questions

Does the cable really have to be isolated for the measurement?

Yes. Measurement takes place on the de-energised cable, disconnected at both ends – that is a precondition for the methods and for everyone’s safety. The switching operations are carried out by your network operator or qualified electrician; we agree the sequence beforehand.

The fault comes and goes – can something like that be located at all?

Intermittent faults are usually high-resistance or moisture-dependent. Such faults are stressed with surge voltage and burned down until they answer reliably earth-sensitive – then they can be measured.

How accurate is the location in the end?

Pinpointing leads to the excavation, not to its vicinity: the aim is a marked spot where the joint lies within the opened window. Prelocation alone remains a distance figure – which is why pinpointing at the surface is always part of the job.

Does CFT also carry out the repair?

No. We locate, mark and document; jointing and reinstatement are done by your electrical or civil crew. That keeps the measurement independent of the execution.

Equipment and methods

Low-resistance faults show up in the time domain measurement directly; if the insulation value stays too high, the fault is stressed with surge voltage and burned down until it is earth-sensitive – only then does it yield to measurement. Pinpointing works via the voltage gradient at the surface; where the reflectogram stays ambiguous, the Ley effect narrows down along the route. On plastic-sheathed cables, sheath fault location finds damage to the outer jacket before it grows into a core fault. Where several cables share the trench, cable identification makes sure work happens on the right line.

Fault location, medium voltage

Frequently asked questions

How long is the feeder down during the measurement?

Completely, for the duration of the measurement – we measure on the isolated, earthed cable. What that means for switching and supply belongs before the appointment; we tell you in advance which steps take how long.

The fault only strikes sporadically under load – will the measurement still find it?

Yes. Intermittent faults are burned down under surge voltage until they answer reliably earth-sensitive; then they can be measured. Sporadic does not mean unfindable – it only means diagnosis comes first.

Does CFT also locate sheath faults before they become an outage?

Yes. Sheath fault location finds damage to the outer jacket of plastic-sheathed cables – worthwhile after civil works along the route or as a follow-up measurement on a section with recurring faults.

Does CFT carry out switching operations in the network?

No. Switching, isolation and earthing remain with the network operator or your authorised switching personnel; we measure on the released cable. That coordination happens before the appointment.

Equipment and methods

Prelocation works with time domain reflectometry and surge current coupling, which makes even high-resistance breakdowns visible. High-resistance faults are burned down by the surge generator until they are earth-sensitive; pinpointing via the voltage gradient then leads to the spot. On plastic-sheathed cables, sheath fault location is added – it finds jacket damage that would become the next outage, before it is one.

Heating mats and cables

Frequently asked questions

Does the location work under every floor covering?

Under tiles, screed and most coverings, yes. Strongly insulating build-ups – thick carpets, multi-layer old coverings – slow the thermal image down; heating up then takes longer but usually still works. We tell you honestly on the phone.

The heating works, but the RCD trips – is that the same fault?

That is typically an insulation fault against the protective braid – exactly what the first measurement shows. Such faults can be located and repaired locally too; the mat does not have to come out for it.

Can the mat stay in service after the repair?

Usually yes: heating conductors can be professionally jointed at the fault position. Whether that is worthwhile at the age and condition of your mat becomes clear after the measurement – the report provides the basis for the decision.

Equipment and methods

The combination is what makes the location precise: electrical measurements say WHAT is broken and how far along the conductor it lies; thermography translates that into a point on the floor covering. That the route of the whole mat becomes visible helps twice over – the electrician sees where to cut without hitting the neighbouring loop.

Service and supply cables

Frequently asked questions

Does the power have to be switched off for the measurement?

Yes, the affected cable must be de-energised. Isolation is done by your electrician or – on the service connection upstream of the meter – by the network operator; we coordinate that before the appointment.

I do not know where the cable runs – is that a problem?

No, that is the normal case. Route tracing is part of the job: we trace the path of the cable before narrowing the fault down on it.

Will insurance pay for this?

That depends on your policy and the cause of the damage. Our damage report documents findings and fault position so that your insurer has a solid basis – only they can give you the confirmation itself.

Does CFT repair the cable right away?

No. We locate, mark and document; the repair is done by your electrical contractor. That keeps the measurement independent – and you free to choose who repairs.

Equipment and methods

We measure on the de-energised cable with the same methods that are standard in the supply network: time domain reflectometry for the distance, pinpointing via the voltage gradient for the spot, plus route tracing when nobody remembers where the cable runs at all. That a service connection is shorter than a network route does not make things easier – on short lengths, every bit of measuring accuracy counts double.

Cable fault location in public lighting

Frequently asked questions

Does the whole lighting system have to be off during the measurement?

Only the affected ring – and that one is usually down anyway. We measure on the isolated cable; the neighbouring rings stay in service.

We have no usable plan of the ring – does it still work?

Yes. The route is then traced during the job. It takes longer but works – and on request, as-built capture takes the traced ring straight into a proper plan, so the question stays open only once.

Can the whole ring be assessed while you are at it?

Yes. The insulation measurement per section shows where the ring is weakening beyond the acute fault – a basis for a refurbishment sequence instead of the next surprise.

Who opens the columns and reconnects?

We agree that before the appointment: your works yard, your electrical firm or – by arrangement – together on site. Switching authority stays with you.

Equipment and methods

Length-based methods need a known cable build-up – in a ring with dozens of joints they only deliver reliable marks once the section is short and defined. That is why sectionalising at the columns comes before the fine measurement: first the fault is encircled between two columns, then brought to the point on the short piece with time domain reflectometry and pinpointing – high-resistance faults are burned down under surge voltage first.

Telecoms, data and cable TV

Frequently asked questions

Is the measurement worthwhile on a short cable at all?

Usually yes. Even on twenty metres, digging without measurement quickly lands in three wrong places – through paving, lawn and roots. Whether the job pays off for your link, we tell you frankly on the phone.

The provider says everything is fine up to the socket – what does that mean?

That the fault lies behind the handover point, on your part of the link. That is exactly where we measure: from the handover point to the last socket, including everything buried in between.

Can the measurement say whether the cable can still be saved?

Yes. Fault type and position show whether a joint is enough or a section has to be replaced – and whether the damage sits in the cable or in plug and splitter, where no digging happens at all.

Does CFT also measure fibre to the home?

No. Fibre links are measured by the network operator with its own technology; our methods apply to metallic cores – telephone, network, coax.

Equipment and methods

Telephone, network and coaxial cables are grateful subjects for time domain reflectometry: breaks and crushed sections show up clearly in the reflectogram. Route tracing translates the metre mark into a point in the garden – even when nobody remembers whether the cable passes the flower bed on the left or the right.

Locating and surveying 16 questions · 5 methods

Asset records for GIS

Frequently asked questions

There is neither plan nor memory of the legacy network – is that still enough?

Yes, that is exactly what capture after the fact is for: location works from the surface, with cable location, sonde and ground-penetrating radar. What is found enters the record with the note "located" – honestly distinguished from what was surveyed in the open trench.

We have no GIS at all – what do we do with the data?

You additionally receive a plan as PDF that works yard and planners can use at once. The GIS formats are included: if your municipality introduces a system later, the record can be taken over without re-capturing.

In which coordinate system do you deliver?

In the one of your records – in Germany usually ETRS89/UTM. If your GIS runs a different reference system, we convert to it.

Can the capture run section by section over years?

Yes, that is the normal case: the cadastre grows section by section – by urgency, by construction sites, by budget. Each section is complete in itself and is carried forward with the next.

Equipment and methods

Capture after the fact lives from every tool covering its own case: electromagnetic location follows everything that carries a signal – cables, metallic pipes, lines with a tracer wire. Traceable sondes go into plastic pipes, and where nothing conducts, ground-penetrating radar reads the density contrasts out of the ground. Surveying is GPS-based or, where buildings block the sky, optical with the total station. Attribution follows your data model; conversion targets the common GIS interfaces – as .shp, .gpkg, .dxf and as .pdf for everyone who works without GIS.

Foundations and embedded services

Frequently asked questions

How deep does the radar see?

As deep as the ground allows: several metres in dry, sandy conditions, considerably less in heavy, wet clay. We tell you honestly what is realistic at your site – before the job, not after.

Does the survey detect voids and old cellars?

Yes, voids show up clearly – from backfilled vaults to forgotten cellar rooms. Whether air, water or backfill lies behind them is narrowed down in the evaluation; final certainty comes from one targeted core drilling at the marked spot.

How does this differ from the site clearance survey?

In the direction of view: the clearance survey clears an area before construction; this service answers targeted questions in the existing stock – what lies under the yard, what sits in the slab, what the extension will stand on.

Equipment and methods

The radar reads density contrasts: masonry against soil, void against backfill, steel against concrete. Antenna choice sets depth and resolution – deep and coarse for foundations, shallow and fine for embedded objects. What cannot be assigned clearly is called suspected rather than sold as a finding; that honesty separates a usable report from a colourful graphic.

Locating concrete core activation

Frequently asked questions

How accurate are the marked runs?

Accurate enough for a drilling clearance: the runs are marked on the structure and the drill points placed in the free windows with a safety margin. Where it gets tight, we say so – and move the point rather than risk it.

Does the survey also work overhead, from below the slab?

Yes. We measure from whichever side is accessible – floor or ceiling. Overhead takes a little longer; the result is the same.

We have the layout drawings of the activation – is that not enough?

Drawings show the intention, the radar shows the as-built state: installed loops deviate from the plan, and the drill goes into the structure, not into the drawing. With drawings the survey is faster – replace it they cannot.

Equipment and methods

The radar reads the reflections inside the concrete: heating loops, reinforcement and conduits show up as separate layers in the depth slices. The craft lies in the interpretation – telling reinforcement from a heating pipe takes experience with exactly these areas, and our crews survey them year in, year out. The structure itself is never touched.

Network locating and cable identification

Frequently asked questions

Does anything have to be switched off for the location?

Usually not – tracing normally happens on the live cable. Only cable identification before a cut and certain clamp-on situations need coordination with your qualified electrician; we settle that before the appointment.

Does the location also find abandoned lines?

Yes, as long as they are metallic: the signal is applied to dead cables and pipes directly or inductively. Pure plastic lines without a tracer wire are a case for sonde or ground-penetrating radar.

Can the results be taken into GIS?

Yes – the surveyed points come as .shp, .gpkg, .dwg or .dxf. Whoever wants to build up the whole record combines network location with as-built capture: locate, survey, keep updating.

Equipment and methods

Electromagnetic location puts a signal on the line and follows it at the surface – clamped on directly where access exists, inductively where not. Plastic pipes receive a traceable sonde or are found acoustically; the rest is handled by ground-penetrating radar. Cable identification works at the exposed bundle: the applied signal proves the target cable unambiguously before anyone disconnects.

Site and route clearance

Frequently asked questions

Does the clearance survey guarantee an empty site?

No – it shows what is measurable and names what remains unclear. A serious report distinguishes finding, suspicion and zones that cannot be assessed. Exactly this honesty is what makes it reliable.

Is the utilities’ as-built plan not enough?

It is the start, not the answer: plans know neither legacy installations nor abandoned lines nor what was never recorded. The clearance survey checks the plan against the ground.

Does the survey work on every surface?

It needs a walkable, drivable area. Asphalt, concrete, gravel and short growth work well; rubble heaps, dense vegetation and deep mud limit the grid – in that case we say beforehand what can be reached.

Equipment and methods

Ground-penetrating radar reads density contrasts in the ground and thereby finds what carries no signal: plastic pipes, clayware, foundations, vaults. Metallic and live lines are confirmed by electromagnetic cable location; traceable sondes go into accessible pipes. How deep the radar reaches is decided by the ground – far in sandy strata, an early stop in heavy loam. That, too, is stated honestly in the report.

Question not found?

Fastest by telephone – then we settle your case straight away. Or in writing via the enquiry, photos welcome.

Call us +49 (0) 173 6842932

Or write to office@cft-de.de.

We do not come to search. We are here to find.

The evolution of pipe and cable locating, from right to left: dowsing rod, probing rod, electromagnetic receiver, ground penetrating radar.